Cipher methods
Cipher methods
Every method used in CipherChronicle is documented here: origin, principle, worked example, known weaknesses and links to the grids that use it.
Identify by symbol
Got glyphs but don't know which cipher? Compare them visually.
164 method(s) shown
seven-segments
Beginner7-Segment Display
The alphabet on your clock, your calculator, your microwave.
SymbolsRead the pagea1z26
BeginnerA1Z26 cipher (alphabet rank)
A = 1, B = 2, …, Z = 26. The most intuitive letter-to-number cipher.
CodeRead the pageabyss
BeginnerAbyss (Genshin Impact)
The Abyss Order's script in Genshin Impact, carved on Khaenri'ah's ruins.
SymbolsRead the pageacere
BeginnerAcéré (sharpened blades)
An alphabet of sharp shapes, sibling to Daggers.
SymbolsRead the pageadfgvx
AdvancedADFGVX cipher
Six-letter extension of ADFGX, covering digits 0-9.
GridRead the pageadfgx
AdvancedADFGX cipher
First used on the German Western Front, 5 March 1918. Broken by Painvin.
GridRead the pageaffine
IntermediateAffine cipher
Each letter runs through ax + b mod 26. The algebraic cousin of Caesar.
SubstitutionRead the pageal-bhed
BeginnerAl Bhed (Final Fantasy X)
The Al Bhed language in *Final Fantasy X*.
SymbolsRead the pagealberti
IntermediateAlberti cipher
The first mechanical cipher. Rotating two-ring disk (1467).
PolyalphabeticRead the pagefuturama
BeginnerAlien Alphabet (Futurama)
Futurama's hidden alien alphabet, scattered across the signs of New New York.
SymbolsRead the pagealpha-angle
BeginnerAlpha Angle (cattle branding)
The hot-iron numeration of American ranches.
SymbolsRead the pagemagi
BeginnerAlphabet of the Magi
Paracelsus' alphabet: a Hebrew-angelic variant from Agrippa's family, with different phonetic folds.
SymbolsRead the pagealternian
BeginnerAlternian (Homestuck)
The script of the Trolls of planet Alternia in *Homestuck*.
SymbolsRead the pageasl
BeginnerAmerican Sign Language (ASL)
The manual alphabet of American Sign Language.
SymbolsRead the pageamphibia
BeginnerAmphibia (Disney)
The alphabet of the frogs, toads and newts of the Amphibia kingdom.
SymbolsRead the pageamsco
AdvancedAMSCO cipher
Alternating 1-2 transposition. Harder to reconstruct.
TranspositionRead the pagestargate
BeginnerAncients (Stargate)
The Lantean script on Stargates and the City of Atlantis.
SymbolsRead the pageatbash
BeginnerAtbash
A full alphabet flip. A ↔ Z, B ↔ Y.
SubstitutionRead the pageatlantean
BeginnerAtlantean (Disney's Atlantis)
Marc Okrand's Atlantean alphabet: 26 letters + 10 digits in 'dots and bars' notation.
SymbolsRead the pageaurebesh
BeginnerAurebesh (Star Wars)
Star Wars's official alphabet. 1:1 substitution on the Latin alphabet.
Pop cultureRead the pageautokey
IntermediateAutokey cipher
Vigenère without a period: the key self-extends using the plaintext.
PolyalphabeticRead the pageave-maria
IntermediateAve Maria cipher (Trithemius)
One Latin word per letter. The ciphertext reads like a prayer.
CodeRead the pagebabyloniens
IntermediateBabylonian numerals
Base 60, two signs (wedge + hook). The first positional numeral system.
NumeralsRead the pagebacon
BeginnerBacon cipher
Every letter → sequence of 5 A/B symbols. A precursor to binary.
CodeRead the pageballet
BeginnerBallet Alphabet
The dancer-silhouette alphabet: each letter is a ballet pose.
SymbolsRead the pagebazeries
AdvancedBazeries cipher
Reversed plaintext + substitution via a spelled-number keyed square.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagebeaufort
IntermediateBeaufort cipher
An involutive Vigenère: encryption = decryption.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagebeaufort-variant
IntermediateBeaufort variant (German)
Subtractive Beaufort. Not involutive — easy to mistake for the original.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagebellaso
IntermediateBellaso cipher
Direct ancestor of Vigenère. Polyalphabetic text-key (1553).
PolyalphabeticRead the pagebetamaze
BeginnerBetamaze (maze alphabet)
An alphabet whose letters connect into mini-mazes.
SymbolsRead the pagebibi
BeginnerBibi-binary (Boby Lapointe, 1968)
Boby Lapointe's hexadecimal system as graphical syllables.
SymbolsRead the pagebifid
AdvancedBifid cipher (Delastelle)
Polybius + fractionation. Rows and columns split then recombined.
GridRead the pagebill
BeginnerBill Cipher Alphabet (Gravity Falls)
The trickster-demon's alphabet from Gravity Falls: 26 glyphs, one per letter, purely visual rendering.
SymbolsRead the pagebirds
BeginnerBirds on a Wire
The birds-on-a-wire alphabet: an innocent frieze hiding a message.
SymbolsRead the pagebook-cipher
AdvancedBook cipher
Coordinates in a shared book: page, line, word. Arnold and Beale.
HomophonicRead the pagebraille
BeginnerBraille
6 dots in a 2×3 grid. Tactile alphabet, also readable as a cipher.
SignalsRead the pagecaesar
BeginnerCaesar cipher
A fixed alphabet shift. The classic — easy to grasp, easy to break.
SubstitutionRead the pagecaesar-square
BeginnerCaesar square
Text written in rows in a square, read back in columns. The most minimal transposition.
TranspositionRead the pagecelestial
BeginnerCelestial alphabet
Agrippa's angelic alphabet: Hebrew-derived glyphs with circle-tipped strokes.
SymbolsRead the pagechaocipher
AdvancedChaocipher
Two alphabet discs permuted after every letter. Stayed secret for 90 years.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagechappe
IntermediateChappe optical telegraph
Articulated-arm tower, 196 positions. Telegraph before electricity.
SignalsRead the pagechinese-code
BeginnerChinese Code (pseudo-sinograms)
A decorative alphabet that imitates the look of sinograms.
SymbolsRead the pagecircular-glyphs
BeginnerCircular Glyphs
An alphabet where each letter fits inside an engraved circle.
SymbolsRead the pagecisterciens
BeginnerCistercian numerals
One glyph for 1 to 9999, built around a staff. Alphabet encoded by rank.
NumeralsRead the pagecolumnar
IntermediateColumnar transposition
Text in rows, read in columns ordered by a keyword.
TranspositionRead the pagecopiale
BeginnerCopiale Cipher (Germany, 1730-1760)
The secret 18th-c. oculist manuscript, decrypted in 2011 after 250 years.
SymbolsRead the pagecovenant
BeginnerCovenant (Halo)
The tangram-triangle script of the Halo antagonists.
SymbolsRead the pagedni-numerals
BeginnerD'ni Numerals (Myst)
The D'ni civilisation's base-25 numeration in *Myst*.
SymbolsRead the pagedada-urka
BeginnerDada Urka (Russian beggars' marks)
The discreet marks of 19th-c. Russian beggars, repurposed for cryptography.
SymbolsRead the pagedaedric
BeginnerDaedric Alphabet (Skyrim)
The alphabet on Skyrim's daedric weapons and armour: 26 runic glyphs, direct Latin mapping.
SymbolsRead the pagedaggers
BeginnerDaggers alphabet
Dagger-shaped alphabet: one glyph per letter, no phonetic folds.
SymbolsRead the pagedancing-men
IntermediateDancing Men cipher
Stick figures = mono substitution. Sherlock Holmes, 1903.
Pop cultureRead the pagedinotopia
BeginnerDinotopia (J. Gurney, 1992)
The script of the utopian island where dinosaurs and humans coexist.
SymbolsRead the pagedorabella
AdvancedDorabella cipher (Elgar)
87 arcs of a circle from Elgar to Dora. Unsolved since 1897.
Pop cultureRead the pagedotsies
BeginnerDotsies (Craig Muth, 2012)
Binary-dot column writing, designed for fast reading.
SymbolsRead the pagedouble-transposition
AdvancedDouble transposition
Two columnar transpositions in a row. Held unbreakable for short messages.
TranspositionRead the pagedovahzul
BeginnerDovahzul (Skyrim Dragon Language)
Skyrim's dragon language: 26 claw-marked runes, the foundation of the Shouts (Fus Ro Dah).
SymbolsRead the pagehieroglyphs
IntermediateEgyptian hieroglyphs
Egyptian pictograms + phonograms. Champollion as the reading key.
SymbolsRead the pageelder-futhark
BeginnerElder Futhark
The runic alphabet of the pre-Viking age — 24 Germanic runes.
SymbolsRead the pageelian
BeginnerElian Script (conceptual art)
C.C. Elian's geometric alphabet: straight strokes and squares on a grid.
SymbolsRead the pageenigma
AdvancedEnigma machine
The famous WWII German machine. Breaking Enigma founded modern computing.
PolyalphabeticRead the pageenochian
BeginnerEnochian alphabet
The angelic alphabet revealed to John Dee — 21 letters with their names (Un, Pa, Graph…).
SymbolsRead the pagefez
BeginnerFez (Polytron, 2012)
Fez's puzzle-alphabet: 24 glyphs, two folds (Q→K, V→U), decoded via ARG.
SymbolsRead the pagesemaphore
BeginnerFlag semaphore
Two arms × 8 directions = 1 letter. Line-of-sight maritime signalling.
SignalsRead the pagefour-square
AdvancedFour-square cipher
Digram cipher on four 5×5 grids. Double-keyed.
PolygraphicRead the pagelsf
BeginnerFrench Sign Language (LSF)
The manual alphabet of the French-speaking deaf community.
SymbolsRead the pagefriderici-windows
BeginnerFriderici (window-shutter alphabet)
A 17th-century alphabet where letters are open shutters.
SymbolsRead the pagefuthark
BeginnerFuthark runes
Germanic runic alphabet. Scandinavian stones, amulets, inscriptions.
SymbolsRead the pagerot
BeginnerGeneric ROT
The mother family of shift ciphers: ROT-N for any integer N. ROT-13 and ROT-47 are the iconic ones.
CodeRead the pagegerudo
BeginnerGerudo (Zelda BoTW)
The script of Hyrule's desert warriors, completes our BoTW trio.
SymbolsRead the pagegoblin-tolkien
BeginnerGoblin (Tolkien)
The script of Middle-earth's goblins and orcs.
SymbolsRead the pagegoron
BeginnerGoron (Zelda)
The alphabet of Zelda's rocky people.
SymbolsRead the pagegrandpre
IntermediateGrandpré cipher
10×10 word grid. Per-letter coordinates — naturally homophonic.
HomophonicRead the pagefalls-alchemy
BeginnerGravity Falls — Alchemy Cipher
The alchemical alphabet seen in the margins of Journal 3 in Gravity Falls.
SymbolsRead the pagefalls-author
BeginnerGravity Falls — Author's alphabet
Ford Pines's alphabet (the Author of Journal 3) in Gravity Falls.
SymbolsRead the pagefalls-bros
BeginnerGravity Falls — Bros' Code
The Pines twins' secret alphabet in Gravity Falls.
SymbolsRead the pagefalls-color
BeginnerGravity Falls — Color Code
An alphabet where each letter is a colour.
SymbolsRead the pagefalls-journal
BeginnerGravity Falls — Journal 3
The alphabet of Ford Pines's investigation notebook in Gravity Falls.
SymbolsRead the pagefalls-rune
BeginnerGravity Falls — Rune Cipher
The runes seen in Gravity Falls next to Journal 3.
SymbolsRead the pagefalls-theraprism
BeginnerGravity Falls — Theraprism
The alphabet of the prison where Bill Cipher is locked up.
SymbolsRead the pagegronsfeld
IntermediateGronsfeld cipher
Vigenère with a numeric key (0-9). Easier to apply by hand.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagehexahue
BeginnerHexahue
2×3 mosaic of 6 colours per letter. Mono substitution by colour code.
SymbolsRead the pagehill
AdvancedHill cipher
Block cipher by matrix multiplication (1929). Cryptography meets linear algebra.
PolygraphicRead the pagehomophonic
AdvancedHomophonic cipher
Multiple symbols per letter. Aims to flatten frequencies.
HomophonicRead the pagehylian
BeginnerHylian (Breath of the Wild)
Hyrule's BoTW-era alphabet: 26 runic glyphs, one per Latin letter, no folds.
SymbolsRead the pagehymnos
BeginnerHymnos (Ar tonelico)
The sung magical language of *Ar tonelico*.
SymbolsRead the pageillageralt
BeginnerIllageralt (Minecraft Dungeons)
The runic script of Minecraft Dungeons' Pillagers, Vindicators and Evokers.
SymbolsRead the pageiokharic
BeginnerIokharic / Draconic (D&D)
The script of D&D dragons, readable on draconic armour and grimoires.
SymbolsRead the pagezapf-dingbats
BeginnerITC Zapf Dingbats (Hermann Zapf, 1978)
The canonical dingbat font of the typesetting industry.
SymbolsRead the pagejefferson
AdvancedJefferson cylinder (M-94)
36 rotating discs on an axle. Invented by Jefferson, picked up by the US Army in 1922.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagekaktovik
BeginnerKaktovik Numerals (Iñupiat)
The Inuit base-20 numeration created by Alaskan high schoolers.
SymbolsRead the pagekirby
BeginnerKirby (Forgotten Land)
The alphabet of the first full-3D Kirby (2022).
SymbolsRead the pageklingon
BeginnerKlingon pIqaD (Star Trek)
Star Trek's official Klingon alphabet. 1:1 substitution, warrior aesthetic.
Pop cultureRead the pagekryptonian
BeginnerKryptonian (Superman)
Krypton's alphabet with its iconic S: 26 letters + 10 digits, one-to-one substitution.
SymbolsRead the pagekryptos
AdvancedKryptos (CIA sculpture)
Sculpture-puzzle installed at the CIA. K4 has held since 1990.
Pop cultureRead the pagelingua
BeginnerLingua Ignota (Hildegard of Bingen, 12th c.)
The alphabet of the 12th-c. mystic saint, codified in her great codex.
SymbolsRead the pagelunar
BeginnerLunar (Leandro Katz, 1978)
Leandro Katz's moon-phase alphabet: Argentine conceptual art (1978).
SymbolsRead the pagemalachim
BeginnerMalachim alphabet
Agrippa's angular angelic alphabet — the "messengers' script" derived from Hebrew.
SymbolsRead the pagemaritime-signals
BeginnerMaritime Signals (ICS)
The official maritime signaller's code — 26 flags + 10 pennants.
SymbolsRead the pagemary-stuart
AdvancedMary Queen of Scots cipher
Homophonic + nomenclator. The cipher that cost Mary Stuart her head.
HomophonicRead the pagematoran
BeginnerMatoran (LEGO Bionicle)
The circular Matoran alphabet, secret code of early-2000s Bionicle fans.
SymbolsRead the pagemayas
BeginnerMayan numerals
Base 20 with dot, bar and shell. One of the earliest positional zeros.
NumeralsRead the pagemirror-digits
BeginnerMirror Digits
Digits and letters seen in a mirror.
SymbolsRead the pagesubstitution
IntermediateMonoalphabetic substitution
A free permutation of the alphabet. 26! options — but frequency gives it up.
SubstitutionRead the pagemoon
BeginnerMoon alphabet (W. Moon, 1845)
The braille alternative for adults who became blind later in life.
SymbolsRead the pagemorbit
IntermediateMorbit cipher
Morse grouped in symbol pairs, each pair becomes a digit 1-9.
PolygraphicRead the pagemorse
BeginnerMorse code
Dots and dashes. Born of the telegraph, still alive on radio.
CodeRead the pagemourier
BeginnerMourier alphabet
A 19th-century stylised alphabet of geometric shapes.
SymbolsRead the pagemultiplication-vigenere
AdvancedMultiplicative Vigenère
Vigenère where the key multiplies instead of adding. Bijective only for odd keys ≠ 13.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagemusic-notes
BeginnerMusic notes cipher
Each letter → note + octave. Ciphertext that reads as a score.
CodeRead the pagenato
BeginnerNATO phonetic alphabet
Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot… One word per letter, for unambiguous spelling.
CodeRead the pagenavajo
IntermediateNavajo code talkers
Unwritten Navajo language. The only major WWII code never broken by the enemy.
CodeRead the pagenihilist
IntermediateNihilist cipher
Polybius + additive numeric key. Born among Russian revolutionaries.
GridRead the pageninjargon
BeginnerNinjargon (ninja alphabet)
The puzzle-book ninja alphabet: stars, blades and crossed lines.
SymbolsRead the pagenyctography
BeginnerNyctography (Lewis Carroll)
Lewis Carroll's nightwriting: dot-and-stroke alphabet on a 2×2 grid, derived from the Latin letters.
SymbolsRead the pageogham
BeginnerOgham (Celtic alphabet)
Notches along a stone's edge. Alphabet of the Irish druids.
SymbolsRead the pageouter-rim
BeginnerOuter Rim Basic (Star Wars)
The alphabet of Star Wars's galactic fringe.
SymbolsRead the pagephillips
AdvancedPhillips cipher
Eight cyclic 5×5 grids. Each 5-letter block uses the next grid.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagepigpen
BeginnerPigpen cipher (Freemason)
Geometric glyphs from a 3×3 grid + X. Classic masonic code.
SymbolsRead the pageplayfair
AdvancedPlayfair cipher
Digram cipher on a 5×5 grid. British Army (1854).
PolygraphicRead the pagepollux
IntermediatePollux cipher
Morse + homophony: ., – and / are replaced by multiple digits each.
PolygraphicRead the pagepolybius
BeginnerPolybius square
Every letter becomes a pair of coordinates in a 5×5 grid.
GridRead the pageporta
AdvancedPorta cipher
Thirteen involutive tables. Each key pair picks a distinct mirror.
PolyalphabeticRead the pageragbaby
AdvancedRagbaby cipher
Each letter is shifted by its position WITHIN ITS WORD, not in the message.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagerail-fence
BeginnerRail Fence (zig-zag)
Zigzag transposition across rails. Simple, visual, pedagogical.
TranspositionRead the pagerata-alada
BeginnerRata Alada (The Batman 2022)
The Riddler's alphabet in the film *The Batman* (2022).
SymbolsRead the pagerosicrucian
BeginnerRosicrucian cipher
Glyphs from a four-arm cross grid. 17th-century esoterica.
SymbolsRead the pagerot-13
BeginnerROT-13
A special case of Caesar (shift 13, involutive).
SubstitutionRead the pagerot-47
BeginnerROT-47
ROT-13 extended to the 94 printable ASCII characters. Fixed shift of 47.
SubstitutionRead the pagerotating-grid
IntermediateRotating grille
A perforated grille rotated 4 times. Visual and tactile.
TranspositionRead the pagescytale
BeginnerScytale (Spartan rod)
The Spartan rod. The oldest known military cipher device.
TranspositionRead the pagesemaphore-clock
BeginnerSemaphore Clock
Naval semaphore re-dressed as a clock face.
SymbolsRead the pagesemaphore-trousers
BeginnerSemaphore Trousers
Semaphore retransposed onto the legs of a pair of trousers.
SymbolsRead the pagesheikah
BeginnerSheikah (Breath of the Wild)
The script on BoTW shrines and guardians: squares and dots, pairs with Hylian.
SymbolsRead the pagesimlish
BeginnerSimlish (The Sims)
The script of the *Sims* franchise — since 2000.
SymbolsRead the pageslidefair
AdvancedSlidefair cipher
Vigenère that ciphers digrams — each pair is shifted by a key letter.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagesolitaire
AdvancedSolitaire (Pontifex)
Stream cipher with a 54-card deck. Portable, no computer required.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagespiral
IntermediateSpiral cipher
Cleartext drawn as a spiral inside a grid, then read back row by row.
TranspositionRead the pagestandard-galactic
BeginnerStandard Galactic Alphabet
The alphabet on Minecraft's enchanting table. 26 angular glyphs + the period.
SymbolsRead the pagestray
BeginnerStray (Walled City 99)
The script of Stray's post-apocalyptic world, readable on the Companions' signs.
SymbolsRead the pagesymbol-font
BeginnerSymbol (Greek font)
The font that turns A into α and B into β.
SymbolsRead the pagetap-code
BeginnerTap code
Polybius transmitted by taps. Used by POWs in Vietnam.
GridRead the pagetemplar
BeginnerTemplar cipher
Geometric glyphs from the Templar cross. Seals bills of exchange.
SymbolsRead the pagetenctonese
BeginnerTenctonese (Alien Nation)
The alien language from *Alien Nation*.
SymbolsRead the pageteyvat
BeginnerTeyvat (Genshin Impact)
Teyvat's sacred script on the Statues of the Seven and Genshin Impact's temples.
SymbolsRead the pagetheban
BeginnerTheban alphabet
Curved esoteric alphabet, medieval grimoires and Wicca.
SymbolsRead the pagethree-square
IntermediateThree-square cipher
Three 5×5 grids, two of them keyed. Digram encryption by rectangle rule.
PolygraphicRead the pagetic-tac-toe
BeginnerTic-Tac-Toe cipher
Pig Pen's playful cousin — 3×3 grid + crosses/circles. Each letter is a graphical fragment.
SymbolsRead the pagetifinagh
BeginnerTifinagh ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ
Ancient Berber / Amazigh alphabet still alive. Official in Morocco since 2003.
SymbolsRead the pagetrifid
AdvancedTrifid cipher (Delastelle)
3D bifid. 3×3×3 cube, three coordinates per letter.
GridRead the pagetrithemius
IntermediateTrithemius cipher
The first polyalphabetic cipher. Progressive shift, no key.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagetwo-square
IntermediateTwo-square cipher
Digrams on two grids. Simplified Four Square.
PolygraphicRead the pageunown
BeginnerUnown Alphabet (Pokémon)
The Pokémon alphabet: 26 creature-letters with a central eye and arcs, popularised by Gold/Silver/Crystal.
SymbolsRead the pagevernam
AdvancedVernam cipher (One-Time Pad)
The only provably unbreakable cipher. Random key, used once.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagevic
AdvancedVIC cipher
Straddling checkerboard + double transposition + numeric key. KGB in the field.
PolygraphicRead the pagevigenere
IntermediateVigenère cipher
A Caesar whose key changes at every letter. Long thought unbreakable.
PolyalphabeticRead the pagevulcan
BeginnerVulcan (Star Trek)
Star Trek's Vulcan script: 26 geometric glyphs, one per Latin letter.
SymbolsRead the pagewakanda
BeginnerWakandan Alphabet (Black Panther)
The script of the fictional kingdom of Wakanda, inspired by African writing systems: 26 letters + 10 digits in 1↔1 substitution.
SymbolsRead the pagewebdings
BeginnerWebdings (Microsoft, 1997)
Microsoft's web pictograms by the Comic Sans designer.
SymbolsRead the pagewingdings
BeginnerWingdings (Microsoft, 1990)
The iconic Windows pictogram font since 1990.
SymbolsRead the pagewingdings-2
BeginnerWingdings 2 (Microsoft, 1995)
Second volume in the Wingdings family (Microsoft, 1995).
SymbolsRead the pagewingdings-3
BeginnerWingdings 3 (Microsoft, 1995)
The Microsoft font entirely dedicated to arrows.
SymbolsRead the pagexor
IntermediateXOR cipher
Exclusive-OR between plaintext and key. Foundation of modern symmetric crypto.
ModernRead the pagezodiac
AdvancedZodiac Killer ciphers
Mixed-symbol homophonic from the Zodiac Killer. Z408 in a week, Z340 in 51 years.
Pop cultureRead the page